The Timer-Based Fan and Light Controller is an automation project that allows users to operate home appliances like fans and lights for a pre-set time duration. Once the timer is set, the system automatically switches the appliances ON and then turns them OFF after the programmed time has elapsed.

This system is built using a microcontroller (Arduino/8051), a real-time clock (RTC) module, and a relay driver circuit. It is especially useful in classrooms, hostels, offices, hotels, and homes, where appliances often remain ON unnecessarily, leading to energy wastage. By automating usage time, the project ensures energy conservation and reduced electricity bills.

Parts Used:

1. Arduino UNO / 8051 / PIC – Main controller.
2. RTC (Real-Time Clock) Module (DS3231/DS1307) – For accurate timing.
3. Relay Module (2-Channel or 4-Channel) – Switches the fan and light.
4. LCD Display (16×2 / OLED) – To display timer settings.
5. Push Buttons / Keypad – For setting timer values.
6. Power Supply (5V/12V Adaptor) – Runs the controller and relays.
7. Fan & Light (Load Devices) – Controlled appliances.
8. Wires, PCB & Enclosure – For assembly.