- Microcontroller (Arduino / Raspberry Pi / ESP32) – Processes sensor data
- Gas Sensors (MQ Series) – Detects gases like CO, CO₂, and VOCs
- Dust Sensor (PM2.5/PM10) – Measures particulate matter concentration
- Temperature & Humidity Sensor (DHT11/DHT22) – Monitors environmental conditions
- LCD / OLED Display – Shows air quality index (AQI) and pollutant levels
- Wi-Fi / GSM Module – For IoT-based data transmission
- Rechargeable Battery – Powers the device for portability
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