An Automatic Rain Sensing Wiper detects raindrops on the windshield and adjusts the wiper speed automatically based on rain intensity. Using an optical or capacitive rain sensor and a microcontroller, the system switches between intermittent, low, and high speeds with smooth PWM control. Designed for a 12 V automotive environment (or bench rig), this project demonstrates sensor interfacing, motor control, EMI protection, and safety logic—ideal for diploma/degree students.

Parts Used:

1. Wiper Motor & Linkage – 12 V DC automotive wiper motor with crank/link for sweep.
2. Wiper Arm & Blade – Standard blade for bench windshield/acrylic sheet.
3. Rain Sensor Module – Optical IR (preferred for reliability) or capacitive/resistive type.
4. Microcontroller – Arduino/ESP32 (handles filtering, thresholds, and speed logic).
5. Motor Driver – H-bridge (30–43 A automotive rated) or relays for HI/LO + PWM speed control.
6. Power Stage – 12 V battery/SMPS, 5 V buck regulator for electronics, fuse, TVS diode, flyback diodes.
7. Manual Controls – 3-position selector (OFF / MANUAL / AUTO), momentary wash/wipe switch.
8. User I/O – Sensitivity trimmer, status LEDs or small OLED for mode & rain level.
9. Vehicle Signals (Optional) – Speed input (Hall sensor) for speed-compensation; ambient light sensor for night mode.
10. Enclosure & Wiring – Waterproof sensor mount near windshield, loom, connectors, and grommets.