An escapement converts the continuous torque of a weight or mainspring into precise, discrete impulses that keep a time-base oscillator (pendulum or balance wheel) moving at a steady rate. Each oscillation unlocks the escape wheel, lets it advance by one tooth (“tick/tock”), and receives a small impulse to compensate losses. This project demonstrates locking, impulse, drop, and beat adjustment using a clear, bench-top escapement—ideal for understanding how mechanical clocks and watches keep time.

Parts Used

1. Power Source: Weight + pulley/drum or mainspring barrel
2. Gear Train: Center/third/fourth wheels to step up speed and reduce torque
3. Escape Wheel: 30–60 teeth (machined or laser-cut acrylic/brass)
4. Escapement Pallets & Arbor: Adjustable pallet angles; anchor/lever style
5. Oscillator:
6. Pendulum (rod + bob; fine rating nut), or
7. Balance wheel + hairspring (compact build)
8. Frame & Bearings: Plates, pillars, bushings/jewels; beat adjuster
9. Dial & Hands: Seconds (optional), minute, hour with motion work
10. Optional Instrumentation: Hall/optical sensor + Arduino for rate/beat error readout