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Soil Moisture Detector with GSM Alert

Mechanical Engineering
Categories Agricultural Equipment

A field-ready unit that measures soil moisture and texts you (SMS) when the soil is too dry/wet—optionally auto-starts a pump. Uses a low-power microcontroller, capacitive soil probe(s), and a GSM/4G cellular module with threshold + hysteresis to avoid spammy alerts.

Parts Used:
  1. Controller: Arduino Nano/Pro Mini or ESP32 (for low power + RTC).
  2. Cellular: SIM800L/A6 (2G) or SIM7600 (4G/LTE Cat-4) with u.FL antenna; local SIM.
  3. Soil Moisture Probe(s): Capacitive 3.3–5 V type (prefer over resistive; no corrosion).
  4. Power: 12 V SLA or 2–4× 18650 pack; buck (LM2596/MP1584) to 5 V & 4.0 V rail; supercap/1000–2200 µF near GSM for burst current.
  5. Pump Control (optional): 12/24 V relay or MOSFET + flyback diode; float switch for tank-low.
  6. Sensors (optional): DS18B20 (soil temp), rain sensor, DHT22 (air RH), light sensor.
  7. Enclosure: IP65 box, cable glands, breathable vent, PCB standoffs.
  8. UI: Status LED, mini OLED (optional), setup push button.
  9. Wiring: Shielded cable to probes; surge/ESD protection (TVS diode) on long leads.
  10. Solar (optional): 20–40 W panel + PWM/Li-ion charge controller.

TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Advantages:
  1. Hands-off irrigation: Alerts or fully automatic start/stop.
  2. Low power, field ready: Sleep schedule + solar option.
  3. Robust sensing: Capacitive probes resist corrosion; filtering avoids false trips.
  4. Safe control: Tank-low & rain interlocks; max runtime to prevent flooding.
  5. Scalable: Multi-zone, daily report, CSV logging to SD/ThingSpeak (optional).

Customer Support

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