A Solar Tracking System using LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is designed to automatically align a solar panel towards the direction of maximum sunlight throughout the day. By tracking the sun’s position, the system ensures the panel receives optimal solar radiation, thereby increasing the efficiency and power output compared to a fixed panel.

This project uses two LDR sensors placed at different positions on the panel to detect the intensity of sunlight. A control circuit compares the light levels from both LDRs and drives a motor to rotate the solar panel towards the side receiving more light. This movement continues until both sensors detect equal light intensity, indicating that the panel is perfectly aligned with the sun.

This project reduces the operational cost, eliminates fuel consumption, and is particularly useful in rural and off-grid locations where electricity supply is unreliable.

Parts Used:

1. • Solar Panel – converts sunlight into electricity

   • LDR Sensors (2 or more) – detect light intensity and position of the sun

   • Microcontroller / Comparator Circuit – processes sensor data and controls the motor

   • DC Gear Motor / Servo Motor – rotates the panel towards sunlight

   • Motor Driver Module – drives the motor based on control signals

   • Mounting Frame with Rotating Mechanism – supports and rotates the solar panel

   • Power Supply – battery or directly from solar panel (for control system)

   • Wiring & Connectors – for electrical connections