These projects focus on motion conversion and speed reduction using spur/helical/planetary gears, worm & bevel drives, cam profiles (dwell/SHM), and classic linkages (four-bar, slider-crank, Whitworth, Geneva). Students analyze gear ratios, backlash, quick-return, and velocity/acceleration, using CAD, tachometers, and torque/efficiency tests—with guards and interlocks for safety.